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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hal Anger</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p><b>Hal Oscar Anger</b> (* <a href="20._Mai" title="20. Mai">20. Mai</a> <a href="1920" title="1920">1920</a> in <a href="Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a>, Colorado, USA; † <a href="31._Oktober" title="31. Oktober">31. Oktober</a> <a href="2005" title="2005">2005</a> in <a href="Berkeley_(Kalifornien)" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkeley (Kalifornien)">Berkeley</a>, Kalifornien)<sup id="cite_ref-rpt_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> war Elektroingenieur und Biophysiker am <i>Donner Laboratory</i> an der <a href="University_of_California%2C_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>. Im Jahre 1957 erfand er die <a href="Gammakamera" title="Gammakamera">Gammakamera</a>, die nach ihm auch Anger-Kamera genannt wird.
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leben_und_Werk">Leben und Werk</h2></div>
<p>Anger studierte an der University of California, Berkeley (UCB). Nach dem Abschluss (<i>Bachelor of Science</i>, 1943) arbeitete er bis Kriegsende in der <a href="Radar" title="Radar">Radarforschung</a> am <a href="Radio_Research_Laboratory" title="Radio Research Laboratory">Radio Research Laboratory</a> der <a href="Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. Im Jahr 1946 bewarb er sich am <a href="Lawrence_Radiation_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Radiation Laboratory">Lawrence Radiation Laboratory</a> der UCB und blieb dort am <i>Donner Laboratory</i>, an dem die Verwendung von <a href="Nuklearmedizin" title="Nuklearmedizin">Strahlung in der Medizin</a> erforscht wurde, bis er 1982 in den Ruhestand ging.<sup id="cite_ref-rpt_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Anger ist vor allem bekannt für die von ihm entwickelten Instrumente für die Nuklearmedizin. Zunächst befasste er sich mit der Verwendung der <a href="Zyklotron" title="Zyklotron">Zyklotrons</a> in der <a href="Strahlentherapie" title="Strahlentherapie">Strahlentherapie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rpt_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Im Jahr 1950 entwickelte er den <i>well counter</i>, ein Gerät zur Messung kleiner Mengen radioaktiver Substanzen, dessen grundlegendes Design noch heute der Standard ist.<sup id="cite_ref-jnmt_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jnmt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Ab 1951 forschte er an der Bildgebung durch Gammastrahlung. 1952 hatte er einen ersten Prototypen einer <a href="Lochkamera" title="Lochkamera">Lochkamera</a> für Gammastrahlung hergestellt, die einen durch <a href="Thallium" title="Thallium">Thallium</a> aktivierten <a href="Natriumiodid" title="Natriumiodid">Natriumiodid</a>-Kristall und eine Photoplatte als Detektor verwendete. Bis 1956 entwickelte er die Kamera weiter zu dem noch heute verwendeten Szintillationskamera, die mehrere <a href="Photomultiplier" title="Photomultiplier">Photomultiplierröhren</a> verwendet, die das von der Gammastrahlung im Kristall erzeugte Szintillationslicht detektieren. Ein entscheidender Fortschritt war die von Anger entwickelte Methode, die es erlaubt, aus den Signalen der verschiedenen Röhren die Position jedes Gammaquants im Kristall berechnen (<i>Anger logic</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-jnmt_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jnmt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eine Zusammenfassung seiner Arbeiten hierzu erschien 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Der wesentliche, durch die auch noch heute verwendete Anger-Kamera bewirkte Fortschritt ist, dass sie die Abbildung menschlicher Organe <i><a href="In_vivo" title="In vivo">in vivo</a></i> ermöglicht. Nach Einschätzung von Henry N. Wagner habe „niemand einen wichtigeren Beitrag zum Feld der Nuklearmedizin geleistet“ als Anger, dessen Kamera zu Diagnose und Behandlung von Millionen von Patienten geführt habe.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Zu seinen weiteren Entwicklungen gehören ein Ganzkörperscanner (1953), eine <a href="Technik_der_Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie" title="Technik der Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie">Positronenkamera</a> (1962), mit der sich der Blutfluss im Körper abbilden lässt und 1966 der erste Multiplan-<a href="Einzelphotonen-Emissionscomputertomographie" title="Einzelphotonen-Emissionscomputertomographie">Tomograph</a>, eine Kamera, die mehrere Ebenen im Körper gleichzeitig abbildet.<sup id="cite_ref-jnmt_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jnmt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Insgesamt hielt Anger 15 Patente, viele von diesen für seine Arbeit am <a href="Lawrence_Berkeley_National_Laboratory" title="Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rpt_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Im Jahr 2006 erhielt die <i>Education and Research Foundation</i> der Society of Nuclear Medicine (heute: SNMMI) aus dem Nachlass von Anger über 6 Millionen US-Dollar (nach heutigem Wert etwa 9,3 Millionen USD).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seit 2006 wird alle zwei Jahre der ihm zu Ehren benannte <i>Hal Anger Lectureship Award</i> der SNMMI verliehen.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ehrungen_(Auswahl)"><span id="Ehrungen_.28Auswahl.29"></span>Ehrungen (Auswahl)</h2></div>
<ul><li>1964 <i>John Scott Award</i> für die Entwicklung der Positronenkamera</li>
<li>1966 <a href="Guggenheim_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="Guggenheim Fellowship">Guggenheim Fellowship</a></li>
<li>1971 Preis der Gesellschaft für Medizin</li>
<li>1972 Ehrendoktor der <a href="Ohio_State_University" title="Ohio State University">Ohio State University</a></li>
<li>1975 <i>Modern Medicine Award for Distinguished Achievement</i></li>
<li>1984 <i>Centennial Year Medal</i>, <a href="Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a> (IEEE)</li>
<li>1988 Medaille der Société française de biophysique</li>
<li>1991 <i>Georg de Hevesy Memorial Medal</i></li>
<li>1994 <i>Cassen Prize</i> der <i>Education and Research Foundation for the Society of Nuclear Medicine</i> (Erstverleihung)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<p><small>(Ehrungen nach<sup id="cite_ref-rpt_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</small>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Schriften_(Auswahl)"><span id="Schriften_.28Auswahl.29"></span>Schriften (Auswahl)</h2></div>
<ul><li><cite style="font-style:italic">The scintillation camera: a new instrument for mapping the distribution of radioactive isotopes</cite>. University of California Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley, 1957.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.btitle=The+scintillation+camera%3A+a+new+instrument+for+mapping+the+distribution+of+radioactive+isotopes&amp;rft.date=1957&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+Radiation+Laboratory%2C+Berkeley" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></li>
<li>mit Alexander Gottschalk: <cite style="font-style:italic">Detection of brain tumors with the positron scintillation camera</cite>. 1963.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.au=Alexander+Gottschalk&amp;rft.btitle=Detection+of+brain+tumors+with+the+positron+scintillation+camera&amp;rft.date=1963&amp;rft.genre=book" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></li>
<li><cite style="font-style:italic">Tomographic gamma ray apparatus and method</cite>. 1976.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.btitle=Tomographic+gamma+ray+apparatus+and+method&amp;rft.date=1976&amp;rft.genre=book" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></li>
<li><cite style="font-style:italic">Multi-angle nuclear imaging apparatus and method</cite>. 1980.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.btitle=Multi-angle+nuclear+imaging+apparatus+and+method&amp;rft.date=1980&amp;rft.genre=book" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li><cite style="font-style:italic">Nuclear Medicine Pioneer, Hal O. Anger, 1920–2005</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>33</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>4</span>, 2005, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>250–253</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.snmjournals.org/content/33/4/250">snmjournals.org</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.atitle=Nuclear+Medicine+Pioneer%2C+Hal+O.+Anger%2C+1920-2005&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Medicine+Technology&amp;rft.pages=250-253&amp;rft.volume=33" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></li>
<li>Hideo Murayama, Tomoyuki Hasegawa: <cite style="font-style:italic">Hal Oscar Anger, D.Sc. (hon.) (1920–2005): a pioneer in nuclear medicine instrumentation</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Radiol Phys Technol</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>7</span>, 2014, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1–4</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12194-013-0252-z">10.1007/s12194-013-0252-z</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.atitle=Hal+Oscar+Anger%2C+D.Sc.+%28hon.%29+%281920-2005%29%3A+a+pioneer+in+nuclear+medicine+instrumentation&amp;rft.au=Hideo+Murayama%2C+Tomoyuki+Hasegawa&amp;rft.btitle=Radiol+Phys+Technol&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs12194-013-0252-z&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=1-4&amp;rft.volume=7" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></li>
<li>Henry N. Wagner, Jr.: <cite style="font-style:italic">A Personal History of Nuclear Medicine</cite>. Springer, 2006, ISBN 978-1-85233-972-2, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>157<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>f.&nbsp;und&nbsp;164<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>f</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/b138066.pdf">springer.com</a> [PDF] stellt implizit die Bedeutung Angers für die Entwicklung der Nuklearmedizin dar).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.au=Henry+N.+Wagner%2C+Jr.&amp;rft.btitle=A+Personal+History+of+Nuclear+Medicine&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781852339722&amp;rft.pages=157f+und+164f&amp;rft.pub=Springer" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-rpt-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rpt_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rpt_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rpt_1-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rpt_1-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rpt_1-4">e</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Hideo Murayama, Tomoyuki Hasegawa: <cite style="font-style:italic">Hal Oscar Anger, D.Sc. (hon.) (1920–2005): a pioneer in nuclear medicine instrumentation</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Radiol Phys Technol</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>7</span>, 2014, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1–4</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12194-013-0252-z">10.1007/s12194-013-0252-z</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.atitle=Hal+Oscar+Anger%2C+D.Sc.+%28hon.%29+%281920-2005%29%3A+a+pioneer+in+nuclear+medicine+instrumentation&amp;rft.au=Hideo+Murayama%2C+Tomoyuki+Hasegawa&amp;rft.btitle=Radiol+Phys+Technol&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.doi=10.1007%2Fs12194-013-0252-z&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=1-4&amp;rft.volume=7" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-jnmt-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jnmt_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jnmt_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jnmt_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Nuclear Medicine Pioneer, Hal O. Anger, 1920–2005</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>33</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>4</span>, 2005, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>250–253</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.snmjournals.org/content/33/4/250">snmjournals.org</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.atitle=Nuclear+Medicine+Pioneer%2C+Hal+O.+Anger%2C+1920-2005&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Medicine+Technology&amp;rft.pages=250-253&amp;rft.volume=33" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hal O. Anger: <cite style="font-style:italic">Scintillation Camera</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Rev. Sci. Instrum.</cite> <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>29</span>, 1958, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>27–33</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1715998">10.1063/1.1715998</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.atitle=Scintillation+Camera&amp;rft.au=Hal+O.+Anger&amp;rft.btitle=Rev.+Sci.+Instrum.&amp;rft.date=1958&amp;rft.doi=10.1063%2F1.1715998&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=27-33&amp;rft.volume=29" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry N. Wagner, Jr.: <cite style="font-style:italic">A Personal History of Nuclear Medicine</cite>. Springer, 2006, ISBN 978-1-85233-972-2, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>164<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>f</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/b138066.pdf">springer.com</a> [PDF]): „No one has made a more important contribution to the field of nuclear medicine than Hal Anger.“<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.au=Henry+N.+Wagner%2C+Jr.&amp;rft.btitle=A+Personal+History+of+Nuclear+Medicine&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9781852339722&amp;rft.pages=164f&amp;rft.pub=Springer" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mierf.org/history/"><i>History.</i></a> In: <i>mierf.org.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 19.&nbsp;August 2025</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHal+Anger&amp;rft.title=History&amp;rft.description=History&amp;rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mierf.org%2Fhistory%2F&amp;rft.language=en">&nbsp;</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snmmi.org/Web/Research-Publications/Grants-Awards-and-Scholarships/Awards/Hal-Anger-Lectureship-Award/Default.aspx"><i>Hal Anger Lectureship Award Recipients.</i></a> In: <i>snmmi.org.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 19.&nbsp;August 2025</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHal+Anger&amp;rft.title=Hal+Anger+Lectureship+Award+Recipients&amp;rft.description=Hal+Anger+Lectureship+Award+Recipients&amp;rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fsnmmi.org%2FWeb%2FResearch-Publications%2FGrants-Awards-and-Scholarships%2FAwards%2FHal-Anger-Lectureship-Award%2FDefault.aspx&amp;rft.language=en">&nbsp;</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">First Cassen Prize awarded to inventor of Gamma Camera</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Nuclear Medicine</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>35</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>5</span>, 1994, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>13N</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/jnumed/35/5/13N.full.pdf">snmjournals.org</a> [PDF]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Hal+Anger&amp;rft.atitle=First+Cassen+Prize+awarded+to+inventor+of+Gamma+Camera&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nuclear+Medicine&amp;rft.pages=13N&amp;rft.volume=35" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snmmi.org/Web/Research-Publications/Grants-Awards-and-Scholarships/Awards/Cassen-Award/Default.aspx"><i>Cassen Award Recipients.</i></a> In: <i>snmmi.org.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 19.&nbsp;August 2025</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHal+Anger&amp;rft.title=Cassen+Award+Recipients&amp;rft.description=Cassen+Award+Recipients&amp;rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fsnmmi.org%2FWeb%2FResearch-Publications%2FGrants-Awards-and-Scholarships%2FAwards%2FCassen-Award%2FDefault.aspx&amp;rft.language=en">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
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